Historical differences in compensation may influence how representatives from broker-dealers,
registered investment advisers, and dual registrants select funds. Evidence from …

The publication of a Sustainable Finance Action Plan in March 2018 marked the European
Commission’s formal launch of a major project to leverage financial markets to address …

Oscillating adaptive systems are non-linear feedback systems in which there circulates in
the feedback loop (or loops), a signal whose frequency components are large relative to the …

Conflicts of interest can arise when financial advisors and brokers have a financial incentive
to recommend certain products to investors. Identifying the effects and quantifying the costs …

Over the past 30 years, the US retirement system has shifted from a defined benefit system
to a defined contribution system. As the defined contribution system matures, millions of …

Practical Applications Summary The problem of ensuring steady, predicable retirement
income is increasingly problematic as the baby boomer generation leaves the workforce along …

There have been recent concerns about companies attempting to take advantage of retirees
using pension advances. GAO was asked to review business practices related to pension …

… Aron Szapiro and Paul Ellenbogen, “Early Evidence on the Department of Labor Conflict
of Interest Rule: New Share Classes Should Reduce Conflicted Advice, Likely Improving …

… A special thanks to the companies that are profiled in the accompanying case studies:
HelloWallet (Lacey Hercheck and Aron Szapiro), Solutions for Progress (Peter Rubenstein), and …

Quickly implement key research with our weekly Practical Applications. In these short reports,
we select our most technical published research and distil it down to the central concepts …